gps navigation schematic

November 20, 2023

The schematic diagram of the GPS navigation system usually shows its main components and how they interact with each other:
Space Segment
It consists of a group of satellites, usually including multiple satellites in orbit, such as the GPS system contains more than 24 satellites.
These satellites send radio signals containing information such as location and time to the ground.
Ground Control Segment
Responsible for monitoring and controlling satellites in the space segment.
Including monitoring stations, master control stations and ground antennas, etc., used to receive satellite data, calculate satellite orbits, send control instructions, etc.
User Segment
Usually refers to the GPS receiver, which is what we usually call GPS equipment or GPS sensors.
The user segment receives signals from the space segment (satellites) and calculates the user's three-dimensional position, speed and time.
Interaction method:
Satellites send signals to the ground, including navigation messages (including satellite ephemeris, satellite working status, time information, etc.).
GPS receivers receive signals from multiple satellites and determine the distance to each satellite by measuring the signal propagation time.
Using this information, the GPS receiver can calculate its three-dimensional position (longitude, latitude and altitude) as well as speed and time.
Technical details:
A GPS receiver usually includes antenna, RF front end, digital signal processor, microprocessor and memory.
The receiver decodes the received signal to obtain the satellite's ephemeris and pseudorange information, and uses this information for positioning calculation.
In order to improve positioning accuracy, modern GPS receivers usually also use advanced technologies such as differential GPS (DGPS) technology and carrier phase differential technology (RTK).